Modal Auxiliary
A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, and modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality. The example of modal auxiliary is will, could, and would. The use of the above auxiliaries is as follow. Pay attention that the modal auxiliary verbs are always followed by the base form.
a.    Will ( sometimes it is contracted to ‘ll, for example we’ll, I’ll)
Example : -  I can’t see any taxis so I’ll walk
-      I’ll accompany to the bus station if you like
-      I’ll get back to you first thing on Monday
-      Profit will increase next year
Uses          -   instant decisions
-      Offer
-      Promise
-      Certain prediction
b.    Could
Example:
-          Could I send you a flower?
-          Could you say it again more slowly?
-          We could try to fix it ourselves
-          I think we could have another gulf war
-          He gave up his old job so he could work for us.

c.    Would ( sometimes it is contracted to ‘d, for example we’d, I’d)
Example:
-          Would you mind if I brought a colleague with me?
-          Would you pass the salt please?
-          Would you mind cleaning the floor?
-          That’d be fine
-          Would you like to attend orchestra tomorrow?
-          Would you prefer tea or coffee?
-          I’ d like tea please



QUESTIONS ABOUT EVENTS
Questions:
-          What ( to ask about one or more things)
-          When (to ask about times)
-          Where (to ask about places)
-          Why (to ask about reasons)
-          Who (to ask about person)
-          How (to ask about manners)
Examples:
Questions:
What did happen? ( Reza got an accident)
What did it happen? ( it  happened a week ago)
Where did it happen? ( it happened in front of the post office )
Why did it happen? (it happened because she careless)
How did it happen? (it happened very quickly )
Task: give suitable responses to the following questions!
1.    What happened in your home yesterday?

2.    When did you start your work?

3.    Where are you usually on Sunday?

4.    Why didn’t you do your English homework?

5.    How do you manage your time?



ANNOUNCMENT

To All Members of Riza’s Club

Please be informed that Riza Regional Games 2013 will be on May
5 – 12, 2013 at Malang City.

Please pay your 2nd smester contributions on or before April 30,
2013.

All checks will be payed to the order of Rizas Club with account #
02051527.

Thank you for your attention.
Managemen of Riza’s Club


Noun phrase (NP) is an important element in giving
people a lot of information. That is why it is important that
you learn to create noun phrases. To do that you will need to
read a lot of texts, such as science texts, that often use noun
phrases. Find a biology text and identify the noun phrases
used. Share what you have with your classmates.





WHAT IS DESCRIPTIVE TEXT?

In descriptive writing, the author does not tell the reader what was seen, felt, tested, smelled, or heard. rather, he describes something that he experienced and throught his choice of word, makes it seemreal. in other words, descriptife writing is vivid, colorful, and detailed. you write descriptive text when you want rather to picture what's youy are describing.

examples:
- the sunset filled the ebtire sky with the deep color of rubies, setting the clouds ablaze.

- the waves crashed and danced along the shore, moving up and down in a grateful and gentle rhytm like they were dancing.

- the painting was a field of flowers with deep and rich blues and yellows atop vibrant green steam that seemed to beckon you to right in and pick them.

- the old man was stooped and bent, his back   of a can making the sharp e of a cand his head bent!
so forward that his  bread would nearly have touched his hooby knees had he bent just a taller. hi deep and soulful blue eyes were like the coor or the ocean on the clearst day you can ever imagine

Expressing plans and intentions.
- when I graduate, I'm going to open a restaurant
- we are going to send the package on monday
- I will answer the phone
she will be here in a few minutes
Danang willnot come to the party tonight
I'm not going to agree with you on this one


Asking for plans and intentions
- what will yopu spend your first salary on?
- what are you going to do tomorrow?
- where will you go next week?
- whom will you go to the theater with?
- are you going to finish that meal?
- are you going to stay home today?



"going to" is used:
a. to express a future decision or plan made before the moment of speaking
ex: - how long are they going to stay in new york?
     - I'm going to visit Rina next week

b. when we can see or feel now that something is certain to happen in the future
ex: - look at the clouds! it's going to rain
     - watch out! that box is going to fall

"will is used":
a. to express a future decision made at the moment of speaking?
    such as deciding to do something spontaneously
   ex:
you'r sitting at home. you are bored. you don't know whaat vto do
you'r friend calls you to see a movie and you decide "the right answer" to respond your friend's phone call:
"I'll go see a movie. " Not I'm going to see a movie"

b. we use "will" when we believe something to happen in the future
ex: I believe anthony will be our next president



ASKING FOR PERMISSION
·         Can ……. ?
( + ) sure                                              ( - ) sorry but……
·         Would you mind if I …..?
(+) go                                                  ( - ) I’d rather you didn’t
·         May I?
( + ) yes, please                                   ( - ) I’m afraid you can’t
·         Do you mind if I …. ?
(+) by all means                                   ( - ) you may not
·         Could I …?
( + ) certainly                                       ( - ) you couldn’t
·         Is it alright if I….?
( + ) please!                                         ( - ) no, I am sorry


Forbidding someone
·         Sorry
·         I’m sorry, you can’t
·         I’m afraid not
Listening
Danang            : hi, linda!
Linda               : hi! What makes you come to my house?
Danang            : I need your help
Linda               : what can I do for you?
Danang            : I must do school assignment, but my computer is broken
 Linda              : oh really?
Danang            : yea, but I have brought it to a mechanic
Linda               : that’s good
Danang            : I see. So what kind of help do you need from me?
Linda               : my I borrow your notebook to do the assignment?
Danang            : of course. Wait please! I’ll take it for you first
Danang            : thanks a lot, linda
Linda               : not at all

Exsample!
1.      Would you mind if I read your magazine?
2.      Do you mind if I turn on the air conditioner?
3.      Can I see your new dress?
4.      May I wear your hat?
5.      Do you mind if I pick a mango from your tree?
6.      Can I sit on your new sofa?
7.      May I turn on the television?
8.      Would you mind if I try the pudding?
Practice the following dialogues in pairs!
1.      In a waiting room.
Man     : I’m getting nervous. Is it all right if I smoke?
Woman: I’d rather you didn’t. I feel dizzy when people smoke around me.
Man     : well, I’ll walk around for a moment then
2.      In a class room
Hasan  : do you have a pencil?
Erni     : yes
Hasan  : may I borrow it, please?
Erni     : of course, but don’t forget to return it me
Hasan  : yes, I’ll use it for a moment

Practice the dialogues then answer the questions!
1.      Bima                : excuse me, ma’am. Can I use the dictionary?
Teacher            : I’m sorry, you can’t
Bima                : but there are many difficult words in this text
Teacher            : I know. You can guess them from the context
                         It will help you to enrich your vocabularies

2.      Ilham               : good evening, mrs. Laras. Could I meet Susie, please?
Mrs. Laras       : sorry Ilham. I am afraid you can’t. she is in her grandmother’s house
Ilham               : do you mind if I leave a message for her?
Mrs. Laras       : sure
Ilham               : please tell her that the weekend camp is postponed until 21st, june,
Mrs. Laras       : ok. I’ll tell her as soon as she come home.


Questions
Dialogue 1
1.      What does the boy probably do?
2.      Is the boy allowed using the dictionary?
3.      How is the way to understand the difficult words without using dictionary?
Dialogue 2
1.      Where does the conversation possibly take place?
2.      What does the boy want?
3.      Who talk to him?
4.      Where is Susie?
5.      Does the boy leave a message? What does the message tell?

SMKN 1 SRAGI

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